Table of Contents
Politics
Politics is a complicated subject which deals with systems of governance and the power, or 'authority',1) which inevitably emerge from the fact that decisions are being made for large groups of people, which brings us to the seemingly constant strife over power and what public policies form.
Politics and the Internet
The internet is a dangerously powerful tool with political origins2) that can connect people, but it's important to stay vigilant as political gamification slowly makes the illusion fade. After all, it has become the ideal place to manipulate content,3) spread propaganda,4) and weave echo chambers, which has the effect of dividing people into more conquerable factions or sparking the recent uptick in political polarization.
For newcomers
If you're new to politics, I'd advise 'observing from a distance' at first. You should attempt to understand every angle and approach, without any indoctrinated or preconceived notions,5) before developing a personal opinion and ideological affiliation. Don't be afraid to face a bit of cognitive dissonance. Of course, there is a lot of bullshit, so it's fine to just say 'fuck it' and throw the damn thing away.
However, this does not mean that you should blindly adopt a 'neutral' label (e.g. apolitical, centrist, moderate) since 'nothing' (i.e. going with the status quo) is a decision itself. This line of thinking can lead to dangerous mental gymnastics (e.g. argument to moderation, horseshoe theory, "road to hell",6) etc.), where one can make the crucial mistake of being blind to the dangers seen in the paradox of tolerance.
On that note, I must acknowledge that ideologies have turned into a biography or identity label, which isn't a problem, but the issues arise when people mirror this and blindly latch onto a label without knowing the connotations, consequences, or nuances. Your interests are not always shared by family, friends, billionaires, entertainers, celebrities, e-celebs, institutions, the media, shitposters, etc.7)
Political ideologies
There's an extensive catalog of ideologies, thus the 'ideology shopping' or 'ideology store' jokes, but I'll simply narrow it down to the few that actually 'matter' because I don't want to overcomplicate things. Besides, most people would be scared off or deterred by an extensive list,8) so here is a brief list of ideologies with very basic definitions that doesn't involve throwing away all logic and reason to imagine two cows.
- Anarchism - A system where the concept of 'no ruler' is the main focus.
- Capitalism - A system where the means of production is privately owned. Hope you love debt!
- Communism - A system where the means of production is owned by the people.
- Democracy - A system where the power lies within the people, mainly through popular elections.9)
- Liberalism - A system where the concept of 'free will' is the main focus. Allegedly.
- Monarchism - A system where the power lies within a, typically hereditary, head of state.
- Nationalism - A system where the concept of a 'nation' is the main focus.
- Republicanism - A system where the power lies within the people, through representatives.
- Socialism - A system where the means of production is owned by the state.10)
Charting the ideologies?
In political spaces, you will occasionally run into diagrams that attempt to 'organize' the political spectrum, such as the left–right spectrum, the political compass, and countless political tests (e.g. 8values, DozenValues, PolitiScales, etc.). These can be useful tools for newcomers and demographic polling, but they fall apart once you understand nuance and how easy it is to misplace an ideology.
The reality is that 'political ideologies' are blueprints that consist of several abstract ideas, which will never fit perfectly on a diagram because of how complex the material world is. What is anarchism to the 'big–small government' scale? What is monarchism and libertarianism to the 'authoritarian–libertarian' scale? Where does one put left-wing labor rights and right-wing regime change on a 'liberal–conservative' scale?